Vitamin K2 · 100 mcg

Provides 100 mcg per serving of vitamin K2 as menaquinone-7 (MK-7)MK-7 has the longest half-life of any form of vitamin K, as well as the best extrahepatic distributionVitamin K2, especially MK-7, allows for much lower dosing with significant clinical benefitNatto bean extract, the richest natural food-based MK-7Suitable for vegetarians/vegansThe discovery of vitamin K-dependent (VKD) post-translational modifications of proteins involved not only in coagulation, but also in bone metabolism, vascular calcification, cell growth regulation, and even ATP production has radically changed the physiological and clinical importance of this enzyme cofactor. VKD cofactor proteins are present almost ubiquitously in various cell types, and modification by γ-carboxylation is required for biological activity. Dietary intake of vitamin K is often insufficient, and vitamin K is diverted to enzymes essential for short-term survival (e.g., coagulation), leading to suboptimal carboxylation of proteins associated with aging and chronic disease, such as matrix Gla protein, osteocalcin, and gas6. Clinically, lower vitamin K intake has been shown to be associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, plaque instability, and, more recently, diabetes. Higher vitamin K intake, particularly K2, has been associated with lower all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease, aortic calcification, and cancer incidence and mortality. Higher intake of MK-7, which has the longest half-life and greatest extrahepatic distribution, has been associated with a lower fracture risk and greater BMD.